A secondary analysis of the REPRIEVE trial followed 7507 people with HIV on effective antiretroviral therapy, 31.5% of them women, for a median of 5.6 years. Non-infection-related non-AIDS-defining cancers were the largest group at 3.4 per 1000 person-years against 0.6 for AIDS-defining cancers, with prostate, breast, lung and anal cancers leading. Older age, residence in a high-income country and current smoking were independently associated with risk, while sex, body mass index and the HIV-related immune markers were not.
Why it is interesting: In a treated HIV population the cancer pattern now tracks age, region and smoking rather than immune status.