COIOS — COIOS - International risk research catalyst focused on health & longevity research
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Signal watch
Phrases whose share of new research papers rose sharply in the 14 days from 1 November to 14 November 2026, against the 109 days before. Each is shown with its driver and three of the papers using it.
Source: new papers indexed in PubMed and Europe PMC, on a driver's subject only. This list, for 1 November to 14 November 2026, comes from Europe PMC alone. A phrase is listed when it appears in at least eight papers from at least four journals, at three times or more its earlier share.
Official figures
Where the evidence stands
-
Innovation in treatment
Treatments that did not exist before — drugs, operations, devices — and whether they reach the people who would benefit.
2 this week -
Diet, exercise and sleep
What people eat and how much they move: what the measured evidence says each does to mortality, and what has been shown to change either.
2 this week -
Forecasts and their record
How the forecasts are made, how well they explained the past, and how well mortality can be forecast — and by whom.
2 this week -
Cancer
Where is cancer incidence rising and falling, what screening and new tests find earlier, and what treatment has done to survival.
4 this week -
Obesity, diabetes and GLP-1
Are obesity and diabetes still rising, what behavioural change and public policy do, and what difference do GLP-1s and other similar drugs make.
8 this week -
Changing behaviour at scale
Whether new technology can change what people do at the scale of a population: apps, wearables, automated messages, digital programmes and platforms, and how far their effects last and reach.
2 this week -
Smoking and vaping
How far smoking has fallen and how many deaths it still causes, what vaping is doing to the people who take it up, and what generational bans will show.
1 this week -
What linked data reveals
What linked registries make it possible to know about whole populations
9 this week -
Alcohol and drug use
What is happening to deaths from alcohol, drugs and suicide, whether they move together, and how much of it is behaviour and how much circumstance.
None this week Earlier → -
Medicine at a distance
What wearables, remote monitoring and care at home add to how health is measured and delivered, and whether it shows in outcomes.
None this week Earlier → -
AI in medicine
Whether machine learning predicts, detects and decides better than the tools we have, and whether that has yet changed an outcome for a population.
4 this week -
Heart and stroke
Whether deaths from heart disease and stroke have stopped falling, what is found earlier, what treatment and prevention do now, and what the deaths say.
3 this week -
Mental health
Deaths by suicide, the life expectancy gap in severe mental illness, and the physical disease that follows it: what mental illness costs in lives.
3 this week -
Health systems and access
What the health system can provide and who gets it.
None this week Earlier → -
Social connection
Isolation, loneliness and mortality: what the evidence shows, how far the relationship is causal, and what interventions have shown.
1 this week -
A changing climate
How air pollution, heat and cold affect deaths and survival, how the attribution is made, and how the balance is changing.
4 this week -
Value in health
What a treatment, health programme or policy is worth against what it costs, and how far the models that decide it can be trusted.
2 this week -
Dementia
Whether dementia is becoming more or less common, what is now found, what treatment and prevention do, and what the deaths say.
4 this week -
Infection and pandemics
Infection and pandemics: the risks, and how well prepared we are
3 this week -
Slowing ageing itself
Whether anything yet slows ageing itself, rather than treating one disease at a time, and how we would know if it did.
None this week Earlier → -
Adherence and persistence
Whether a treatment is actually taken, for how long, and what changes either.
2 this week -
Revisions and new sources
What the figures are built from, what is newly available, and how much the numbers move when they are revised.
1 this week -
Frailty and multimorbidity
Whether the years added after 85 are healthy ones, how frailty and multiple conditions are measured, and where the data run out.
None this week Earlier →
-
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
Clinical obesity has higher mortality than preclinical obesity in three cohorts
Against adults without obesity or organ dysfunction, clinical obesity had a mortality hazard ratio of 1.69 and preclinical obesity 1.19.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
FDA-cleared AI triage for pulmonary embolism detected 64% of emboli in routine use
In 14,736 CT pulmonary angiograms, the Aidoc triage tool's sensitivity was 64.1%, against 93% at FDA clearance.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Excess mortality after mental disorder diagnosis varies by care setting and timing
In Finland, excess mortality after depressive, anxiety or stress-related diagnoses without specialist care showed little evidence beyond two years.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
GLP-1 medication use in US adults in 2025, including compounded versions and dose changes
About one in 10 US adults reported past-year GLP-1 use, and 44% of users changed how they took it.
Agency -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Lower systolic target in type 2 diabetes did not cut dementia or mild cognitive impairment
A systolic target below 120 mm Hg did not reduce dementia or mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Danish health survey participants have fewer mental disorders and lower mortality
Weighted survey participants in Denmark had fewer mental disorder diagnoses and lower all-cause mortality than the population (hazard ratio 0.80).
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Solid second cancers after Hodgkin lymphoma in women fell as radiotherapy declined
In 7,428 women with Hodgkin lymphoma, solid second cancer risk fell 25% across eras, largely explained by reduced radiotherapy.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence new
Positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea and its five-year persistence in France
Of 84,550 French adults starting positive airway pressure therapy in 2019-2023, 60.5% were still using it at 5 years.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceDiet, exercise and sleep refines
Daily activity volume, intensity and accumulation pattern and mortality in German adults
Higher intensity in the most active minutes was linked to lower mortality beyond total volume in 65,028 German adults.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Heat-related deaths in five Indian cities rise below operational heat wave thresholds
In five Indian cities, deaths rose above seasonal levels at temperatures well below current meteorological heat wave definitions.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
Coronary inflammation on noncontrast cardiac CT adds risk information beyond calcium score
An AI coronary inflammation score from noncontrast calcium scans predicted cardiovascular death beyond calcium score, most strongly with zero calcium.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Biomarker-matched therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer are unfunded in Brazil
No biomarker-matched therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer is funded in Brazil's public system, and modelled costs are R$314,000-836,000 per QALY.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health refines
Sepsis without initial organ support and the survival and cost value of ICU or HDU care
In sepsis without organ support, high-dependency unit care was linked to lower mortality only with SOFA ≥6 or GCS ≤12.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer confirms
Colorectal cancer screening in Lombardy over two decades, with performance and costs
Adjusted colorectal cancer incidence in Lombardy fell from 68.8 to 38.2 per 100,000 between 2007 and 2023.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
Machine learning on routine records predicts three pregnancy complications by 12 weeks
In 442,760 Kaiser Permanente pregnancies, XGBoost models using only routine data predicted gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia at 12 weeks with AUCs of 0.74 to 0.80, but birth outcomes were harder to predict.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health new
Suicide in UK reserve veterans was lower than in the general population, 1996-2018
Among 265,941 UK reserve veterans, 584 died by suicide, a lower male rate than in the general population.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists and lung cancer in type 2 diabetes with pulmonary nodules
GLP-1 receptor agonists were linked to fewer lung cancers than metformin, but genetic and SGLT2 inhibitor comparisons gave no support.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Inherited variation's effects on 348 diseases change with age across three biobanks
Polygenic effects on disease changed with age, and BRCA1 breast cancer effects peaked earlier than BRCA2 (48 vs 66 years).
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics new
Measles in Italy showed sustained national spread of one D8 strain, 2023 to 2025
Of 1,311 measles cases in Italy, 3.1% were fully vaccinated, and one D8 strain circulated nationally for over 12 months.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldInnovation in treatment new
Trevogrumab, with or without garetosmab, against muscle loss on semaglutide in obesity
A phase 2 trial in 975 adults with obesity tested GDF8 and activin A antibodies against semaglutide-related lean mass loss.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Glaucoma polygenic risk score finds tenfold open-angle glaucoma odds in the top decile
A multitrait glaucoma polygenic risk score gave tenfold odds in its top decile and predicted earlier diagnosis and glaucoma operations.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence confirms
Denosumab discontinuation in Japan is rarely followed by sequential osteoporosis therapy
Of 37,526 Japanese adults who stopped denosumab, 16.3% began sequential osteoporosis therapy within one year.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
US COPD simulation model matches prevalence but overpredicts moderate exacerbations
A US simulation model of COPD closely reproduced national smoking and COPD prevalence but overpredicted moderate exacerbations.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists versus SGLT-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes with obesity
In Clalit's medical records, liraglutide and dulaglutide matched SGLT-2 inhibitors on weight loss but lowered HbA1c more.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
US cardiovascular risk factors 1999-2023 show rising obesity and diabetes, less smoking
Across 11 NHANES cycles, obesity rose to 57.2% and diabetes to 12.7%, while blood pressure control fell to 21.5%.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Measles outbreak in England from 2023 to 2024 concentrated in children and deprived areas
England's largest measles outbreak in decades had 2,821 laboratory-confirmed cases, 92.5% unvaccinated and 63.0% in the two most deprived quintiles.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Wildfire smoke gave 35% of west coast PM2.5 in 2020 and over 25% in the east in 2023
Wildfire smoke accounted for 20% of west coast PM2.5-attributable deaths in 2020 and 24% of northeastern ones in 2023.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Carotid atherosclerosis linked to dementia risk in a meta-analysis of 97 studies
Thicker carotid walls and asymptomatic stenosis were linked to dementia risk, but larger trials found no cognitive benefit from revascularisation.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
ClinicalAge, a deep learning ageing measure built from UK electronic health records
ClinicalAge, trained to mimic PhenoAge, was associated with all 20 non-cancer diseases studied in UK Biobank and CPRD.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Brain-derived plasma p-tau217% outperforms standard p-tau217 for Alzheimer's pathology
Brain-derived plasma p-tau217% separated low from severe Alzheimer's neuropathological change with an AUC of 0.93, against 0.90 for standard p-tau217.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Temperature-attributable mortality in Japan depends on the geographic level of analysis
Prefecture-level analysis gave 39.2% more heat-attributable deaths than municipality-level analysis in Japan, but only 1.4% more cold-attributable deaths.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Clinical obesity framework classes most BMI-defined obesity at age 46 as pre-clinical
In 6,978 British Cohort Study members aged 46, only 31.4% with BMI-defined obesity met clinical obesity criteria.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Wastewater sequencing model infers new SARS-CoV-2 variants and their fitness advantages
FitNMF combines viral dynamics with non-negative matrix factorisation to infer variant signatures, abundances and fitness advantages directly from wastewater sequencing, without relying on clinical genomes.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Stressful life events in clinical notes associated with mental disorders and frailty
More types of stressful life event in 39.7 million Finnish clinical notes were associated with anxiety, depression and frailty.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Heat alone and heat with ozone linked to excess deaths in five Moroccan regions
Heat-only and compound heat-ozone days were linked to excess deaths in Morocco in 2021, but ozone-only days were not.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Repeated sleep-medication reports and cognitive decline in US and European over-50s
Adults over 50 reporting sleep-medication use showed slightly faster decline in cognition and memory in US and European cohorts.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Global heat-related mortality rose by 29% in very strong El Niño years
Estimated heat-related mortality rose 29% in very strong El Niño years, most in low- and medium-Human Development Index regions.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
NEWS early warning score and machine learning give similar net benefit for 24 h mortality
A gradient-boosting model flagged at most 1·9 more 24 h deaths per 10 000 patients than NEWS, in Danish hospitals.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity refines
Intrinsic capacity and disability and mortality risk in Japanese adults aged 85 to 89
In two Japanese cohorts aged 85 to 89, higher intrinsic capacity was linked to lower risks of disability and death.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
US automotive plant closures were followed by more overdose deaths across drug classes
Automotive plant closures in 112 US counties were associated with 6.0 more overdose deaths per 100,000, across several drug classes.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access new
US health funding cuts in 2025 and HIV and TB service uptake in Kenya
After US health funding to Kenya stopped in early 2025, recorded HIV testing, prevention and treatment fell within two months.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSocial connection confirms
Loneliness is linked to higher mortality risk than social isolation in older Australians
Chronic loneliness had a mortality hazard ratio of 1.41 in Australians aged 50 and over, above social isolation's 1.19.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use new
Mobile PrEP and opioid treatment units did not raise uptake in people who inject drugs
A mobile unit added to peer navigation did not raise PrEP or opioid medication use in 409 people injecting drugs.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Real-world immune checkpoint inhibitor survival is often poorer than in pivotal trials
Of 2,514 Belgian metastatic patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors, 568 stopped without further therapy and survived a median 21.4 months.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
First-line covalent BTK inhibitors for CLL are often stopped early in US community care
Among 584 US community oncology patients with CLL/SLL, half had stopped first-line ibrutinib, acalabrutinib or zanubrutinib by 24 months, most often because of adverse events.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
West Nile virus activity in Arizona linked to drought-monsoon cycles in modelling study
Models built on Arizona mosquito surveillance explained 65.3% of weekly variation in county-level human West Nile cases, one week ahead.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Vitamin D for US adults with prediabetes saved costs in a lifetime microsimulation model
In a simulated US cohort with prediabetes, daily vitamin D3 lowered lifetime costs by $3208 per person and added 0.12 QALYs, assuming the 15% cut in diabetes risk seen in pooled trials.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
COPD inhalers after British Columbia removed prior authorisation for first-line therapy
In 47,583 people with COPD, removing prior authorisation for LAMA preceded 0.8% more LAMA use and 1.3% less ICS/LABA use.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Genome-wide study of 1,255 child and parental traits in 80,639 Japanese children
Genotyping of 80,639 Japanese children found 6,073 loci across 1,255 traits, 18-20% of them new associations.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer new
Early-onset colorectal tumours show more stromal cells and distinct gene expression
Colorectal tumours from younger adults held more stromal cells and expressed more long non-coding RNAs and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition genes.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
Sybil deep learning model and biennial lung cancer screening in low-risk Lung-RADS scans
In 3,120 scans from one hospital, Sybil moved 33.8% of negative screens to biennial screening with no delayed cancers.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Self-reported debt in UK survey data compared with credit reference agency records
Self-reported debt in a UK panel survey disagreed with credit reference records for some types, altering links with mental health.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Cancer mortality gap across Japanese prefectures moved north between 1995 and 2023
As cancer mortality fell, Japan's prefectural excess moved from liver cancer in the west to several cancers in the north.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
Women's health spending in poorer countries falls more steeply with debt service
In 71 poorer countries, each 1-point rise in debt service against GDP went with 4.2% lower women's health spending.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists and lower heart failure admission or death in diabetic HFrEF
In diabetic HFrEF, GLP-1 RA use had a 12-month risk ratio of 0.58 for heart failure admission or death.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Prompt Mental Health Care in Norway likely cost-effective versus usual care over 3 years
Prompt Mental Health Care cost €23,809 per QALY over 1 year and €6,376 over 3 years in a 738-person trial.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke new
TAVR cut 2-year death or heart failure in moderate aortic stenosis with at-risk features
In moderate aortic stenosis with at-risk features, TAVR cut 2-year death or heart failure from 23.9% to 16.7%.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Bariatric procedures linked to fewer diabetes complications and deaths than obesity drugs
Bariatric procedures were linked to lower 5-year nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular events and deaths than obesity management medications.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Retinal deep learning biomarker estimates mortality risk and how it changes with age
RetiME, a deep learning model, maps retinal photographs to each person's mortality risk and how it changes with age.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
LDL cholesterol after starting statins and cardiovascular events in primary prevention
In 185,237 statin starters, two-year LDL of 1.8-2.5 mmol/L carried a MACE hazard ratio of 0.80 against 2.6 or more.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity refines
Frailty prevalence in English adults aged 50 and over changed little from 2002 to 2022
Frailty in English adults aged 50 and over rose non-significantly from 15.5% to 17.8%, but the number with frailty grew from 2,560,122 to 3,791,038.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Surveillance mammography beyond 5 years and advanced second breast cancer in older women
In 9,888 older breast cancer survivors, continued mammography after 5 years was not linked to fewer advanced second primary cancers.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Opioid use disorder medication in residential treatment modelled for Massachusetts
A model found offering opioid use disorder medication in Massachusetts residential centres, with outpatient linkage, cost $40,195 per QALY gained.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics new
Infector–infectee pairs in Dutch COVID-19 surveillance show who infected whom
In Dutch surveillance, 678,482 of 8 million COVID-19 cases named their most probable infector, giving a 3.6-day serial interval.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Visual, hearing and dual sensory impairment linked to higher dementia risk in UK Biobank
Measured visual, hearing and dual sensory impairment each predicted dementia after allowing for baseline cognition, in 51,584 UK Biobank adults.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldMedicine at a distance refines
Digital interventions for low back pain compared across 84 randomised trials
Virtual reality cut pain intensity most against control at the end of treatment, rated with moderate confidence.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
ICU admissions in Germany and atmospheric factors across eleven bioclimatic regions
Air pressure and heat were the atmospheric factors most often linked to German intensive care admissions over 15 years.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence new
Statin discontinuation in older adults and hospitalisation by frailty status in England
In English statin users aged 65 or older, stopping was linked to more hospital admissions, less so with greater frailty.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Cervical cancer cases and deaths worldwide in 2023, with forecasts to 2050
Worldwide, 887,000 new cervical cancer cases and 369,000 deaths were estimated for 2023, with rises forecast by 2050.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
COVID-19 and later cognitive impairment and dementia by vaccination status in England
Dementia diagnoses rose sharply in the month after COVID-19, and cognitive impairment stayed raised for up to 4 years.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Statin intolerance is often followed by stopping all lipid-lowering therapy
In a US health system, 39.9% of patients with documented statin intolerance stopped all lipid-lowering therapy within 90 days.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Care management algorithms trained on past utilisation under-select disadvantaged adults
Among 201,216 US adults, utilisation-trained algorithms under-selected disadvantaged groups, and a health status target nearly closed the Black-White gap.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Temperature-attributable deaths in South Korea split by avoidable and non-avoidable cause
Nearly one-third of temperature-attributable deaths in South Korea in 1990-2023 fell in preventable or treatable causes.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Oral anticoagulation after AF ablation raised bleeding without fewer ischaemic strokes
In 280,415 patients, continuing anticoagulation after AF ablation left ischaemic stroke unchanged but roughly tripled bleeding odds.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
Vietnam theater veterans had higher accidental and lower intentional overdose death risk
Among 9,496,285 US Vietnam War-era veterans, those deployed to Vietnam had higher accidental and lower intentional overdose mortality.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access new
Centenarians in France had fewer acute hospital stays per head in 2023 than in 2014
Acute hospital stays among French centenarians fell from 53.2 to 45.4 per 100 between 2014 and 2023.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record refines
Stroke mortality in Japan showed a modest excess in 2022, concentrated in older men
Japan recorded 3,434 excess stroke deaths in 2020-2022, almost all in 2022 and mostly among males aged 70 or over.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia new
Physical frailty and faster clinical decline on lecanemab in early Alzheimer's disease
In 187 patients starting lecanemab, physical frailty was linked to faster decline on the CDR-SB and more infusion-related reactions.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldSlowing ageing itself refines
MIND diet adherence and later epigenetic ageing in the Health and Retirement Study
In 1,740 older US adults, higher 2013 MIND diet scores were associated with lower epigenetic ageing in 2016.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Excess mortality in South Korea peaked in 2022 and stayed raised through 2024
South Korea had 194,173 excess deaths (+12.8%) in 2020-2024, peaking in 2022 and still 18.3% above expected in 2024.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence confirms
Antidepressant persistence in Manitoba falls to 25% by one year after first prescription
Of 76,200 new antidepressant users with mood or anxiety disorders, 30.2% filled only once and 75.4% stopped within a year.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Oropharyngeal cancer incidence rising across Europe, with HPV behind 43% of cases
Registries reported 22,063 new oropharyngeal cancer cases in 29 European countries in 2024, 43.3% attributable to HPV.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Diagnosed diabetes in Korea rose with age and year, with higher odds in two birth cohorts
In 3.2 million Korean survey respondents, reported diagnosed diabetes rose with age and year and was higher in two cohorts.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and perinatal depressive relapse in the USA
In 500 pregnant women with recurrent depression, online mindfulness training cut relapse to 6 months postpartum from 44% to 33%.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceDiet, exercise and sleep confirms
Weekend warrior and regularly active patterns show no clear difference in mortality
Weekend warriors had a pooled all-cause mortality hazard ratio of 1.019 against the regularly active, at very low certainty.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals confirms
Real spending on high-cost 'high-impact' medicines in Catalonia rose about 30%, 2019–2024
Nominal spending on high-impact medicines in Catalonia rose from €1.10 billion in 2019 to €1.69 billion in 2024.
Peer-reviewed
-
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
Clinical obesity has higher mortality than preclinical obesity in three cohorts
Against adults without obesity or organ dysfunction, clinical obesity had a mortality hazard ratio of 1.69 and preclinical obesity 1.19.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Excess mortality after mental disorder diagnosis varies by care setting and timing
In Finland, excess mortality after depressive, anxiety or stress-related diagnoses without specialist care showed little evidence beyond two years.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
GLP-1 medication use in US adults in 2025, including compounded versions and dose changes
About one in 10 US adults reported past-year GLP-1 use, and 44% of users changed how they took it.
Agency -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Lower systolic target in type 2 diabetes did not cut dementia or mild cognitive impairment
A systolic target below 120 mm Hg did not reduce dementia or mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Solid second cancers after Hodgkin lymphoma in women fell as radiotherapy declined
In 7,428 women with Hodgkin lymphoma, solid second cancer risk fell 25% across eras, largely explained by reduced radiotherapy.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer confirms
Colorectal cancer screening in Lombardy over two decades, with performance and costs
Adjusted colorectal cancer incidence in Lombardy fell from 68.8 to 38.2 per 100,000 between 2007 and 2023.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health new
Suicide in UK reserve veterans was lower than in the general population, 1996-2018
Among 265,941 UK reserve veterans, 584 died by suicide, a lower male rate than in the general population.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists and lung cancer in type 2 diabetes with pulmonary nodules
GLP-1 receptor agonists were linked to fewer lung cancers than metformin, but genetic and SGLT2 inhibitor comparisons gave no support.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists versus SGLT-2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes with obesity
In Clalit's medical records, liraglutide and dulaglutide matched SGLT-2 inhibitors on weight loss but lowered HbA1c more.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
US cardiovascular risk factors 1999-2023 show rising obesity and diabetes, less smoking
Across 11 NHANES cycles, obesity rose to 57.2% and diabetes to 12.7%, while blood pressure control fell to 21.5%.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Carotid atherosclerosis linked to dementia risk in a meta-analysis of 97 studies
Thicker carotid walls and asymptomatic stenosis were linked to dementia risk, but larger trials found no cognitive benefit from revascularisation.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Brain-derived plasma p-tau217% outperforms standard p-tau217 for Alzheimer's pathology
Brain-derived plasma p-tau217% separated low from severe Alzheimer's neuropathological change with an AUC of 0.93, against 0.90 for standard p-tau217.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Clinical obesity framework classes most BMI-defined obesity at age 46 as pre-clinical
In 6,978 British Cohort Study members aged 46, only 31.4% with BMI-defined obesity met clinical obesity criteria.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Stressful life events in clinical notes associated with mental disorders and frailty
More types of stressful life event in 39.7 million Finnish clinical notes were associated with anxiety, depression and frailty.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Repeated sleep-medication reports and cognitive decline in US and European over-50s
Adults over 50 reporting sleep-medication use showed slightly faster decline in cognition and memory in US and European cohorts.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity refines
Intrinsic capacity and disability and mortality risk in Japanese adults aged 85 to 89
In two Japanese cohorts aged 85 to 89, higher intrinsic capacity was linked to lower risks of disability and death.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Real-world immune checkpoint inhibitor survival is often poorer than in pivotal trials
Of 2,514 Belgian metastatic patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors, 568 stopped without further therapy and survived a median 21.4 months.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
First-line covalent BTK inhibitors for CLL are often stopped early in US community care
Among 584 US community oncology patients with CLL/SLL, half had stopped first-line ibrutinib, acalabrutinib or zanubrutinib by 24 months, most often because of adverse events.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer new
Early-onset colorectal tumours show more stromal cells and distinct gene expression
Colorectal tumours from younger adults held more stromal cells and expressed more long non-coding RNAs and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition genes.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Cancer mortality gap across Japanese prefectures moved north between 1995 and 2023
As cancer mortality fell, Japan's prefectural excess moved from liver cancer in the west to several cancers in the north.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists and lower heart failure admission or death in diabetic HFrEF
In diabetic HFrEF, GLP-1 RA use had a 12-month risk ratio of 0.58 for heart failure admission or death.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke new
TAVR cut 2-year death or heart failure in moderate aortic stenosis with at-risk features
In moderate aortic stenosis with at-risk features, TAVR cut 2-year death or heart failure from 23.9% to 16.7%.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Bariatric procedures linked to fewer diabetes complications and deaths than obesity drugs
Bariatric procedures were linked to lower 5-year nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular events and deaths than obesity management medications.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
LDL cholesterol after starting statins and cardiovascular events in primary prevention
In 185,237 statin starters, two-year LDL of 1.8-2.5 mmol/L carried a MACE hazard ratio of 0.80 against 2.6 or more.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity refines
Frailty prevalence in English adults aged 50 and over changed little from 2002 to 2022
Frailty in English adults aged 50 and over rose non-significantly from 15.5% to 17.8%, but the number with frailty grew from 2,560,122 to 3,791,038.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Surveillance mammography beyond 5 years and advanced second breast cancer in older women
In 9,888 older breast cancer survivors, continued mammography after 5 years was not linked to fewer advanced second primary cancers.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Visual, hearing and dual sensory impairment linked to higher dementia risk in UK Biobank
Measured visual, hearing and dual sensory impairment each predicted dementia after allowing for baseline cognition, in 51,584 UK Biobank adults.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Cervical cancer cases and deaths worldwide in 2023, with forecasts to 2050
Worldwide, 887,000 new cervical cancer cases and 369,000 deaths were estimated for 2023, with rises forecast by 2050.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
COVID-19 and later cognitive impairment and dementia by vaccination status in England
Dementia diagnoses rose sharply in the month after COVID-19, and cognitive impairment stayed raised for up to 4 years.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Statin intolerance is often followed by stopping all lipid-lowering therapy
In a US health system, 39.9% of patients with documented statin intolerance stopped all lipid-lowering therapy within 90 days.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Oral anticoagulation after AF ablation raised bleeding without fewer ischaemic strokes
In 280,415 patients, continuing anticoagulation after AF ablation left ischaemic stroke unchanged but roughly tripled bleeding odds.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia new
Physical frailty and faster clinical decline on lecanemab in early Alzheimer's disease
In 187 patients starting lecanemab, physical frailty was linked to faster decline on the CDR-SB and more infusion-related reactions.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Oropharyngeal cancer incidence rising across Europe, with HPV behind 43% of cases
Registries reported 22,063 new oropharyngeal cancer cases in 29 European countries in 2024, 43.3% attributable to HPV.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Diagnosed diabetes in Korea rose with age and year, with higher odds in two birth cohorts
In 3.2 million Korean survey respondents, reported diagnosed diabetes rose with age and year and was higher in two cohorts.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and perinatal depressive relapse in the USA
In 500 pregnant women with recurrent depression, online mindfulness training cut relapse to 6 months postpartum from 44% to 33%.
Peer-reviewed
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Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence new
Positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea and its five-year persistence in France
Of 84,550 French adults starting positive airway pressure therapy in 2019-2023, 60.5% were still using it at 5 years.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceDiet, exercise and sleep refines
Daily activity volume, intensity and accumulation pattern and mortality in German adults
Higher intensity in the most active minutes was linked to lower mortality beyond total volume in 65,028 German adults.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics new
Measles in Italy showed sustained national spread of one D8 strain, 2023 to 2025
Of 1,311 measles cases in Italy, 3.1% were fully vaccinated, and one D8 strain circulated nationally for over 12 months.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence confirms
Denosumab discontinuation in Japan is rarely followed by sequential osteoporosis therapy
Of 37,526 Japanese adults who stopped denosumab, 16.3% began sequential osteoporosis therapy within one year.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Measles outbreak in England from 2023 to 2024 concentrated in children and deprived areas
England's largest measles outbreak in decades had 2,821 laboratory-confirmed cases, 92.5% unvaccinated and 63.0% in the two most deprived quintiles.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
US automotive plant closures were followed by more overdose deaths across drug classes
Automotive plant closures in 112 US counties were associated with 6.0 more overdose deaths per 100,000, across several drug classes.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSocial connection confirms
Loneliness is linked to higher mortality risk than social isolation in older Australians
Chronic loneliness had a mortality hazard ratio of 1.41 in Australians aged 50 and over, above social isolation's 1.19.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use new
Mobile PrEP and opioid treatment units did not raise uptake in people who inject drugs
A mobile unit added to peer navigation did not raise PrEP or opioid medication use in 409 people injecting drugs.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
COPD inhalers after British Columbia removed prior authorisation for first-line therapy
In 47,583 people with COPD, removing prior authorisation for LAMA preceded 0.8% more LAMA use and 1.3% less ICS/LABA use.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics new
Infector–infectee pairs in Dutch COVID-19 surveillance show who infected whom
In Dutch surveillance, 678,482 of 8 million COVID-19 cases named their most probable infector, giving a 3.6-day serial interval.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence new
Statin discontinuation in older adults and hospitalisation by frailty status in England
In English statin users aged 65 or older, stopping was linked to more hospital admissions, less so with greater frailty.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
Vietnam theater veterans had higher accidental and lower intentional overdose death risk
Among 9,496,285 US Vietnam War-era veterans, those deployed to Vietnam had higher accidental and lower intentional overdose mortality.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Excess mortality in South Korea peaked in 2022 and stayed raised through 2024
South Korea had 194,173 excess deaths (+12.8%) in 2020-2024, peaking in 2022 and still 18.3% above expected in 2024.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence confirms
Antidepressant persistence in Manitoba falls to 25% by one year after first prescription
Of 76,200 new antidepressant users with mood or anxiety disorders, 30.2% filled only once and 75.4% stopped within a year.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceDiet, exercise and sleep confirms
Weekend warrior and regularly active patterns show no clear difference in mortality
Weekend warriors had a pooled all-cause mortality hazard ratio of 1.019 against the regularly active, at very low certainty.
Peer-reviewed
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Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
FDA-cleared AI triage for pulmonary embolism detected 64% of emboli in routine use
In 14,736 CT pulmonary angiograms, the Aidoc triage tool's sensitivity was 64.1%, against 93% at FDA clearance.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Danish health survey participants have fewer mental disorders and lower mortality
Weighted survey participants in Denmark had fewer mental disorder diagnoses and lower all-cause mortality than the population (hazard ratio 0.80).
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
Coronary inflammation on noncontrast cardiac CT adds risk information beyond calcium score
An AI coronary inflammation score from noncontrast calcium scans predicted cardiovascular death beyond calcium score, most strongly with zero calcium.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Biomarker-matched therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer are unfunded in Brazil
No biomarker-matched therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer is funded in Brazil's public system, and modelled costs are R$314,000-836,000 per QALY.
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Data, models and systemsValue in health refines
Sepsis without initial organ support and the survival and cost value of ICU or HDU care
In sepsis without organ support, high-dependency unit care was linked to lower mortality only with SOFA ≥6 or GCS ≤12.
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Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
Machine learning on routine records predicts three pregnancy complications by 12 weeks
In 442,760 Kaiser Permanente pregnancies, XGBoost models using only routine data predicted gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia at 12 weeks with AUCs of 0.74 to 0.80, but birth outcomes were harder to predict.
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Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Inherited variation's effects on 348 diseases change with age across three biobanks
Polygenic effects on disease changed with age, and BRCA1 breast cancer effects peaked earlier than BRCA2 (48 vs 66 years).
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Glaucoma polygenic risk score finds tenfold open-angle glaucoma odds in the top decile
A multitrait glaucoma polygenic risk score gave tenfold odds in its top decile and predicted earlier diagnosis and glaucoma operations.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
US COPD simulation model matches prevalence but overpredicts moderate exacerbations
A US simulation model of COPD closely reproduced national smoking and COPD prevalence but overpredicted moderate exacerbations.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
ClinicalAge, a deep learning ageing measure built from UK electronic health records
ClinicalAge, trained to mimic PhenoAge, was associated with all 20 non-cancer diseases studied in UK Biobank and CPRD.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Wastewater sequencing model infers new SARS-CoV-2 variants and their fitness advantages
FitNMF combines viral dynamics with non-negative matrix factorisation to infer variant signatures, abundances and fitness advantages directly from wastewater sequencing, without relying on clinical genomes.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
NEWS early warning score and machine learning give similar net benefit for 24 h mortality
A gradient-boosting model flagged at most 1·9 more 24 h deaths per 10 000 patients than NEWS, in Danish hospitals.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access new
US health funding cuts in 2025 and HIV and TB service uptake in Kenya
After US health funding to Kenya stopped in early 2025, recorded HIV testing, prevention and treatment fell within two months.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Vitamin D for US adults with prediabetes saved costs in a lifetime microsimulation model
In a simulated US cohort with prediabetes, daily vitamin D3 lowered lifetime costs by $3208 per person and added 0.12 QALYs, assuming the 15% cut in diabetes risk seen in pooled trials.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Genome-wide study of 1,255 child and parental traits in 80,639 Japanese children
Genotyping of 80,639 Japanese children found 6,073 loci across 1,255 traits, 18-20% of them new associations.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
Sybil deep learning model and biennial lung cancer screening in low-risk Lung-RADS scans
In 3,120 scans from one hospital, Sybil moved 33.8% of negative screens to biennial screening with no delayed cancers.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Self-reported debt in UK survey data compared with credit reference agency records
Self-reported debt in a UK panel survey disagreed with credit reference records for some types, altering links with mental health.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
Women's health spending in poorer countries falls more steeply with debt service
In 71 poorer countries, each 1-point rise in debt service against GDP went with 4.2% lower women's health spending.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Prompt Mental Health Care in Norway likely cost-effective versus usual care over 3 years
Prompt Mental Health Care cost €23,809 per QALY over 1 year and €6,376 over 3 years in a 738-person trial.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Retinal deep learning biomarker estimates mortality risk and how it changes with age
RetiME, a deep learning model, maps retinal photographs to each person's mortality risk and how it changes with age.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Opioid use disorder medication in residential treatment modelled for Massachusetts
A model found offering opioid use disorder medication in Massachusetts residential centres, with outpatient linkage, cost $40,195 per QALY gained.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Care management algorithms trained on past utilisation under-select disadvantaged adults
Among 201,216 US adults, utilisation-trained algorithms under-selected disadvantaged groups, and a health status target nearly closed the Black-White gap.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access new
Centenarians in France had fewer acute hospital stays per head in 2023 than in 2014
Acute hospital stays among French centenarians fell from 53.2 to 45.4 per 100 between 2014 and 2023.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record refines
Stroke mortality in Japan showed a modest excess in 2022, concentrated in older men
Japan recorded 3,434 excess stroke deaths in 2020-2022, almost all in 2022 and mostly among males aged 70 or over.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals confirms
Real spending on high-cost 'high-impact' medicines in Catalonia rose about 30%, 2019–2024
Nominal spending on high-impact medicines in Catalonia rose from €1.10 billion in 2019 to €1.69 billion in 2024.
Peer-reviewed
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Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Heat-related deaths in five Indian cities rise below operational heat wave thresholds
In five Indian cities, deaths rose above seasonal levels at temperatures well below current meteorological heat wave definitions.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldInnovation in treatment new
Trevogrumab, with or without garetosmab, against muscle loss on semaglutide in obesity
A phase 2 trial in 975 adults with obesity tested GDF8 and activin A antibodies against semaglutide-related lean mass loss.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Wildfire smoke gave 35% of west coast PM2.5 in 2020 and over 25% in the east in 2023
Wildfire smoke accounted for 20% of west coast PM2.5-attributable deaths in 2020 and 24% of northeastern ones in 2023.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Temperature-attributable mortality in Japan depends on the geographic level of analysis
Prefecture-level analysis gave 39.2% more heat-attributable deaths than municipality-level analysis in Japan, but only 1.4% more cold-attributable deaths.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Heat alone and heat with ozone linked to excess deaths in five Moroccan regions
Heat-only and compound heat-ozone days were linked to excess deaths in Morocco in 2021, but ozone-only days were not.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Global heat-related mortality rose by 29% in very strong El Niño years
Estimated heat-related mortality rose 29% in very strong El Niño years, most in low- and medium-Human Development Index regions.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
West Nile virus activity in Arizona linked to drought-monsoon cycles in modelling study
Models built on Arizona mosquito surveillance explained 65.3% of weekly variation in county-level human West Nile cases, one week ahead.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldMedicine at a distance refines
Digital interventions for low back pain compared across 84 randomised trials
Virtual reality cut pain intensity most against control at the end of treatment, rated with moderate confidence.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
ICU admissions in Germany and atmospheric factors across eleven bioclimatic regions
Air pressure and heat were the atmospheric factors most often linked to German intensive care admissions over 15 years.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Temperature-attributable deaths in South Korea split by avoidable and non-avoidable cause
Nearly one-third of temperature-attributable deaths in South Korea in 1990-2023 fell in preventable or treatable causes.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldSlowing ageing itself refines
MIND diet adherence and later epigenetic ageing in the Health and Retirement Study
In 1,740 older US adults, higher 2013 MIND diet scores were associated with lower epigenetic ageing in 2016.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed