COIOS — COIOS - International risk research catalyst focused on health & longevity research
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Signal watch
Phrases whose share of new research papers rose sharply in the 14 days from 18 October to 31 October 2026, against the 95 days before. Each is shown with its driver and three of the papers using it.
Source: new papers indexed in PubMed and Europe PMC, on a driver's subject only. This list, for 18 October to 31 October 2026, comes from Europe PMC alone. A phrase is listed when it appears in at least eight papers from at least four journals, at three times or more its earlier share.
Official figures
Where the evidence stands
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Innovation in treatment
Treatments that did not exist before — drugs, operations, devices — and whether they reach the people who would benefit.
4 this week -
Diet, exercise and sleep
What people eat and how much they move: what the measured evidence says each does to mortality, and what has been shown to change either.
1 this week -
Forecasts and their record
How the forecasts are made, how well they explained the past, and how well mortality can be forecast — and by whom.
4 this week -
Cancer
Where is cancer incidence rising and falling, what screening and new tests find earlier, and what treatment has done to survival.
13 this week -
Obesity, diabetes and GLP-1
Are obesity and diabetes still rising, what behavioural change and public policy do, and what difference do GLP-1s and other similar drugs make.
11 this week -
Changing behaviour at scale
Whether new technology can change what people do at the scale of a population: apps, wearables, automated messages, digital programmes and platforms, and how far their effects last and reach.
1 this week -
Smoking and vaping
How far smoking has fallen and how many deaths it still causes, what vaping is doing to the people who take it up, and what generational bans will show.
4 this week -
What linked data reveals
What linked registries make it possible to know about whole populations
11 this week -
Alcohol and drug use
What is happening to deaths from alcohol, drugs and suicide, whether they move together, and how much of it is behaviour and how much circumstance.
6 this week -
Medicine at a distance
What wearables, remote monitoring and care at home add to how health is measured and delivered, and whether it shows in outcomes.
1 this week -
AI in medicine
Whether machine learning predicts, detects and decides better than the tools we have, and whether that has yet changed an outcome for a population.
5 this week -
Heart and stroke
Whether deaths from heart disease and stroke have stopped falling, what is found earlier, what treatment and prevention do now, and what the deaths say.
6 this week -
Mental health
Deaths by suicide, the life expectancy gap in severe mental illness, and the physical disease that follows it: what mental illness costs in lives.
6 this week -
Health systems and access
What the health system can provide and who gets it.
6 this week -
Social connection
Isolation, loneliness and mortality: what the evidence shows, how far the relationship is causal, and what interventions have shown.
1 this week -
A changing climate
How air pollution, heat and cold affect deaths and survival, how the attribution is made, and how the balance is changing.
2 this week -
Value in health
What a treatment, health programme or policy is worth against what it costs, and how far the models that decide it can be trusted.
6 this week -
Dementia
Whether dementia is becoming more or less common, what is now found, what treatment and prevention do, and what the deaths say.
6 this week -
Infection and pandemics
Infection and pandemics: the risks, and how well prepared we are
11 this week -
Slowing ageing itself
Whether anything yet slows ageing itself, rather than treating one disease at a time, and how we would know if it did.
2 this week -
Adherence and persistence
Whether a treatment is actually taken, for how long, and what changes either.
4 this week -
Revisions and new sources
What the figures are built from, what is newly available, and how much the numbers move when they are revised.
5 this week -
Frailty and multimorbidity
Whether the years added after 85 are healthy ones, how frailty and multiple conditions are measured, and where the data run out.
1 this week
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Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
Semaglutide for obesity: two-thirds of new Wegovy users stopped within a year
Of 34,309 Clalit members without diabetes starting Wegovy in 2025, 67.6% had stopped by one year.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsRevisions and new sources new
Electronic death certificates cut garbage codes in Norway's Cause of Death Registry
In Norwegian deaths, 2018-2023, electronic certificates were 21% less likely than paper ones to record a garbage code.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
Heavy and high-intensity drinking among US adults fell in prevalence from 1984 to 2024
Fewer US adults drink heavily than in 1984, but heavy-drinking days rose among women and older adults after 2010.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Antimicrobial resistance deaths linked to human antibiotic use across 114 countries
In a modelled scenario, 10% less antibiotic use meant 38,000 fewer yearly antimicrobial resistance deaths, 0.50% of bacterial disease mortality.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldInnovation in treatment new
Individualised mRNA melanoma vaccine with pembrolizumab cuts recurrence or death by 42%
Adding intismeran autogene to pembrolizumab after melanoma was removed reduced recurrence or death risk by 42% in phase III INTerpath-0001.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health confirms
Lecanemab and donanemab for early Alzheimer's disease are not cost-effective in China
A lifetime Markov model found that neither lecanemab nor donanemab was cost-effective at current Chinese prices, from either perspective.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Antimicrobial resistance in Chinese bloodstream infections over a decade, 2014 to 2023
Across 76,211 Chinese bloodstream isolates, ESBL-producing E. coli fell to 47.4% and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae rose to 14.9%.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Cognition in healthy adults: modifiable risk factors linked to performance, not decline
Five modifiable dementia risk factors were linked to cognitive level, not decline, in 1,396 healthy adults aged 36 to 108.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Breast cancer survival by stage across Europe after harmonising registry TNM data
Ten-year relative survival of European women with breast cancer was 97% at stage I and 10% at stage IV.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists' share of US prescriptions rose 7% from June to September 2026
Anti-obesity GLP-1 prescribing rose 12.2% in mid-2026, with the largest monthly rise in July, when a Medicare cost-cutting programme began.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
AI-derived ECG features add little beyond automated ECG reports for 30-day mortality
Deep-learning ECG features beat simple morphology measurements for 30-day mortality, but added little over the ECG machine's own automated report.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Interval colorectal cancer after negative FIT rises with faecal haemoglobin level
Faecal haemoglobin just below the 20 µg/g positive cut-off was associated with 15 times the interval cancer hazard of 0-5 µg/g.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Capivasertib with abiraterone: modelled $3,120,720 per QALY in PTEN-deficient mHSPC
In a US payer model, capivasertib plus abiraterone for PTEN-deficient mHSPC cost $3,120,720 per QALY gained.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
Semaglutide for weight management and use of other prescribed medicines in Denmark
In 189,392 Danish semaglutide initiators, antiasthmatic use fell below trend (RR 0.82) while anxiolytic use rose (RR 1.16).
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics new
Ontario measles outbreak of 2377 cases contributed to Canada losing elimination status
Ontario's 2377-case measles outbreak mainly affected unvaccinated young people; its strain was detected in the USA, Mexico and the Netherlands.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists versus other diabetes drugs across 181 outcomes in type 2 diabetes
Against other diabetes drugs, GLP-1 receptor agonists were linked to lower cardiovascular and renal risk but higher musculoskeletal risk.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health refines
Hemgenix for haemophilia B costs more than factor IX prophylaxis over the first ten years
In a Swedish budget-impact model, Hemgenix cost more than factor IX prophylaxis over 10 years under every payment model.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
SPARC transformer model uses routine measurements to predict cancer adverse events
A transformer model trained on 224,047 patients' routine measurements predicted cancer adverse events in prospective and external cohorts.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
SGLT-2 inhibitors show higher adherence and persistence than GLP-1 RAs in type 2 diabetes
SGLT-2 inhibitors had higher adherence and persistence than GLP-1 receptor agonists in 14,998 matched patients, most clearly with cardiovascular disease.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Borderline personality disorder linked to near six-fold all-cause mortality in New Zealand
In 10,059 New Zealanders with borderline personality disorder, all-cause mortality was 5.8 times the general population rate.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Influenza hospitalisation gaps by ethnic group in England partly run through deprivation
In England's 2023–24 vaccine-eligible cohort, deprivation mediated 26% of excess influenza hospitalisation odds in Pakistani and 41% in Bangladeshi groups.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Weather and child hospitalisation in Sweden: heat, intraday temperature swings and rain
Among 4,638,247 Swedish children, heat, very low or very high intraday temperature swings and more rain were linked to admissions.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Smoking-persistence polygenic score linked to an 8-year gap in median quitting age
Top-decile smokers on a smoking-persistence polygenic score quit at an adjusted median age 8 years older than bottom-decile smokers.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSocial connection refines
Living alone and mortality in older Koreans: link lost after socioeconomic weighting
Among 3,771 older Koreans, living alone was linked to higher mortality, but not after weighting for income, education and area.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Dementia and emergency hospital use before and after diagnosis in North West London
Before dementia diagnosis, emergency admission rates were 5.35 times those of residents without dementia, rising to 6.67 times after diagnosis.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldSlowing ageing itself refines
GrimAge epigenetic clock predicts survival in Dutch centenarians beyond cognition
Among 247 Dutch centenarians, higher GrimAge acceleration predicted higher mortality independently of cognition; adding MMSE improved survival stratification.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Colorectal cancer incidence in the US rose in 2023 after two decades of decline
US colorectal cancer incidence fell from 55.2 per 100,000 in 2000 to 36.7 in 2022, rising to 38.3 in 2023.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists cut major cardiovascular events similarly below and above age 65
In eight trials, GLP-1 receptor agonists cut major cardiovascular events similarly above and below 65 (ratio of hazard ratios 1.03).
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Mental health disorders and breast and bowel cancer screening and stage in Taiwan
In Taiwan, people with mental health disorders screened slightly more for breast and bowel cancer; severe cases screened less.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Lung adenocarcinoma across the COVID-19 era: small stage shifts, longer treatment delays
Lung adenocarcinoma stage barely shifted across the COVID-19 era, but treatment delays over 90 days rose from 10.2% to 14.5%.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke new
Anticoagulation discontinuation in long-term care residents with atrial fibrillation
In 15,426 US long-term care residents with atrial fibrillation, stopping anticoagulation was not linked to more strokes or bleeds.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Psychiatric in-patients follow two trajectories with similarly high mortality
In one NHS psychiatry service, severe enduring illness used most beds, crisis stays were brief, but adjusted mortality was similar.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Obesity in Korean adults aged 20 to 39 and risk of early-onset cancer into midlife
Ten-year cancer incidence among young Korean adults was 1.84% at normal weight and 2.62% in class II obesity.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer new
Cancer risk in first-generation migrants varies by birth country and cancer site in Europe
In European migrants, cervical, stomach and liver cancer risk rose with birth-country incidence; breast and colorectal risk was lower.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use new
Stimulant toxicity emergency visits followed by 2.1% one-year mortality, mostly overdose
Of 2,356 patients discharged after emergency visits for stimulant toxicity, 2.1% died within a year, two-thirds from overdose.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics confirms
H5N1 avian influenza in US dairy herds clusters where non-waterfowl birds are abundant
Early US dairy H5N1 outbreaks sat in counties with more non-waterfowl birds than high-cattle-density counties without outbreaks.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health confirms
Lecanemab for early Alzheimer's disease in China exceeds the cost-effectiveness threshold
Lecanemab added 1.24 QALYs in early Alzheimer's disease in China, but cost 372,609 yuan per QALY, above the threshold.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer new
Off-label oncology drug use spans over a third of reimbursable Dutch drug–cancer pairings
In 2023 a quarter of Dutch high-cost cancer drug prescriptions were off-label, but they made up 2.3% of spending.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health new
Educational gap for young people using child mental health services in Wales widened
Young people using child mental health services in Wales fell further behind peers in basic GCSE passes over time.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke new
Home blood pressure monitoring in US veterans and later deaths and cardiovascular events
In 30,203 veterans using home blood pressure monitoring and 30,096 matched controls, monitoring was linked to 8% lower all-cause mortality.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Eating difficulty marks functional vulnerability rather than triggering cognitive decline
In four ageing cohorts, new eating difficulty was associated with higher dementia-indicator risk, but tooth loss showed little adjusted association.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping new
Nicotine pouch use in US youth: flavours and convenience linked to more frequent use
US youth who tried nicotine pouches mostly cited experimentation, but flavours, convenience and feeling addicted were tied to frequent use.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Respiratory infection hospitalisation risk in New Zealand predicted by gradient boosting
Gradient boosting models using demographics, morbidity indices and influenza vaccination status separated people with and without a respiratory infection hospitalisation, across about 5 million New Zealanders each year.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 RA use and neuropsychiatric outcomes in Medicare enrolees with type 2 diabetes
GLP-1 RA users had more depression (HR 1.11) but fewer substance use disorders, dementia and suicidal or self-harm events.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldSlowing ageing itself refines
Epigenetic clock changes correspond inconsistently to clinical changes in ageing studies
In human geroscience intervention studies, epigenetic-clock changes matched clinical-outcome changes inconsistently, and no study validated a clock as a surrogate.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence confirms
Semaglutide and tirzepatide prescriptions in adults with obesity often end within a year
Of 9,189 adults with obesity but no diabetes starting semaglutide or tirzepatide, 18.6% had coverage for 336 days or more.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Typhoon exposure and excess deaths in Japan, 2010–2019, by age and local vulnerability
Typhoon winds were linked to 2,426 excess deaths among Japanese adults aged 70 and over, against 301 recorded direct deaths.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
Accidental overdose admissions in New South Wales and later premature death by cause
Among 14,036 people hospitalised for accidental overdose in New South Wales, deaths ran at 3.5 times the expected rate.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
Alzheimer's disease model links slower cognitive decline to later institutionalisation
In a memory clinic microsimulation, 30% slower MMSE decline delayed institutional care by 1.1 years, with similar time spent there.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record refines
Ensemble models of expected US mortality were more accurate than single models
Using weekly US deaths for 2008–2024, ensemble models gave more accurate expected mortality, with better coverage, than single models.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Hepatitis C treatment in one US state's Medicaid rose as access restrictions ended
Hepatitis C treatment initiation in one US state's Medicaid rose as restrictions ended, but peaked at 23% for 2020 diagnoses.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Suicide mortality in the Americas rose from 2015 to 2021 despite a one-third cut target
The regional age-standardised suicide mortality rate rose by 1·05% a year on average between 2015 and 2021, and only 10 of 33 countries fell fast enough to meet a one-third cut by 2030.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access confirms
Neighbourhood deprivation and excess mortality after clinical risk adjustment in Medicare
Among 4,477,014 Medicare beneficiaries, excess mortality was 0.5 percentage points higher in the most deprived decile than the middle.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
People who inject drugs in the US: projected deaths, infections and costs, 2025-2034
A US microsimulation projects 487 249 deaths from injection drug use and $565 billion in healthcare costs over 2025–2034.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health confirms
One-time CKD screening at age 55 in Finland: a lifetime cost-effectiveness model
Modelled one-time CKD screening of Finns aged 55, plus SGLT2i and RAASi treatment, cost €6,478 per quality-adjusted life year.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceDiet, exercise and sleep new
GLP-1/GIP use in US adults rose to 12% by 2025, a third via non-traditional access
GLP-1/GIP use rose from 8.2% to 12.0% of US adults in 18 months, led by weight-loss use.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health contradicts
Polygenic risk-guided prostate cancer screening was not cost-effective in a UK model
In a UK-calibrated microsimulation, prostate cancer screening guided by polygenic risk scores cost more and was less effective than alternatives.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Injection-schedule adherence to long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine in Spain
Among 3280 virologically suppressed adults in Spain, 70.4% received every evaluable injection within ±7 days; 0.7% had suboptimal adherence.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Education and dementia: a schooling reform cut incidence and weakened genetic risk
A compulsory schooling reform showed that extra education lowered dementia incidence and weakened the link between genetic risk and dementia.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Cardiovascular disease burden in Europe is similar by sex but differs in composition
In 2023 women had 55% of cardiovascular cases and 50% of deaths, but less ischaemic heart disease.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Antibiotic use in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 across 64 countries, 2020 to 2023
Of 451,291 patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in 64 countries, 341,125 received antibiotics, mostly empirical WHO 'Watch' drugs.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping new
Nicotine pouch use in British quit attempts rose 2021-2026, notably among 18-24s and men
Among British adults trying to stop smoking, pouch use nearly tripled to 6.7%, with an uncertain adjusted link to quitting.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping refines
Switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes and human biomarkers of toxicant exposure
Complete switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes was linked to lower levels of all ten pooled toxicant exposure biomarkers.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use new
Medetomidine appeared in about a quarter of Southern California fentanyl samples by 2026
Medetomidine was first detected in Southern California fentanyl in May 2025 and was present in about 25% by August 2026.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Coronary artery calcium in adults aged 30 to 45 and mortality over a median 22.6 years
Among 12,847 adults aged 30 to 45, coronary calcium above 90% had a hazard ratio of 3.71 for coronary death.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists lower weight and HbA1c in adults taking antipsychotics
In eight trials of antipsychotic-treated adults, GLP-1 receptor agonists lowered weight by 6.54 kg but raised nausea, vomiting and constipation.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
Video-and-audio AI system detected stroke deficits more sensitively than EMS raters
Against a consensus of seven neurologists, an AI system reading video and audio of 295 suspected stroke patients detected neurological deficits with 78.5% sensitivity, versus 59.4% for emergency medical services (EMS) personnel, with similar specificity.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer confirms
Head and neck cancer in New Zealand: rising oropharyngeal rates and unequal early deaths
New Zealand oropharyngeal cancer rates rose in 2009-2020, with higher two-year deaths for Māori, Pacific Peoples and the most deprived.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access refines
Alcohol screening in US health care rarely leads to brief intervention for heavy drinkers
Most US adults in health care were asked about drinking, but only 4% of heavy drinkers reported a brief intervention.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsRevisions and new sources confirms
COVID-19 case reporting in Miami-Dade shifted to affluent block groups as testing grew
Early COVID-19 hot spots sat in lower-income block groups, then shifted to affluent ones as Black neighbourhoods became cold spots.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Childhood segregation and cardiovascular disease onset in Black and White Americans
Childhood residential segregation appeared to delay cardiovascular disease or hypertension in White people and hasten it in Black people.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Heat-attributable mortality in Spain rose 15% per 1 °C of mean heatwave daily Tmax
Event-level heat metrics explained much of the variability in heatwave mortality, while heat-attributable deaths fell 3.9-5.8% a year after adjusting for temperature.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia new
Amyloid and tau stage in 2711 Sao Paulo autopsies, by age and cognitive status
In 2711 Sao Paulo autopsies, 19.6% had both amyloid and tau at biomarker-detectable levels, rising steeply with age.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
HPV catch-up vaccination to age 30 modelled in 132 low- and middle-income countries
A one-time catch-up campaign for females aged 9-30 was projected to prevent 6.93 million cervical cancer cases and 3.56 million deaths.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Temperature-attributable cardiovascular deaths in Europe may double by late century
Under high emissions, temperature-attributable cardiovascular deaths in Europe rise from 31.4 to 62.4 per 100,000, with heat-attributable rates up 472%.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Anti-obesity drugs in routine care: short exposure, smaller weight loss than in trials
In routine care, nearly half of tirzepatide users did not reach 10% weight loss after at least 72 weeks.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Scottish cohort of 3.7 million adults links disability and household setting to COVID-19
A linked cohort of 3,719,651 Scottish adults describes COVID-19 outcomes by disability group and household living arrangements.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Perioperative enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab in cisplatin-ineligible bladder cancer
In a Markov model, perioperative enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab cost $72,460 per QALY gained versus radical cystectomy alone.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
FAHR-Face, a face photograph foundation model, estimates biological age and survival
A face photograph model fine-tuned on 34,363 patients with cancer separated mortality risk between quartiles.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
Semaglutide: 14.5% of US initiators start at high dose, with earlier discontinuation
Among US adults starting injectable semaglutide, high-dose initiation was associated with a 25% higher early discontinuation risk and lower 1-year persistence.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
HPV-attributable fraction in oropharyngeal cancer rose in seven countries over a decade
Central testing of 6,043 head and neck cancer specimens found HPV attributability in oropharyngeal cancer rose in all seven countries.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Housing for homeless Californians with opioid use disorder modelled at $31,083 per QALY
A lifetime microsimulation of 18,928 Californians experiencing homelessness with opioid use disorder gave $31,083 per quality-adjusted life-year from expanding housing access.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals contradicts
Polygenic modification of statin benefit may arise from trial eligibility criteria
Simulations with no true interaction reproduced the reported pattern of greater lipid-lowering benefit at higher coronary artery disease polygenic risk.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
NHSO-T2DM resource links six Thai routine-care files for 1,421,470 people with diabetes
Six Thai routine-care files were linked by encrypted identifier into registry, visit and drug exposure tables.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
US childhood hepatitis B vaccine policy changes modelled to increase chronic infections
A Markov model of a 3.6 million US birth cohort projects 83% more childhood chronic hepatitis B infections under shared decision making.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
Long-term ozone and stroke risk in 20 757 Polish patients with atrial fibrillation
In Polish patients with atrial fibrillation, each interquartile rise in ozone was associated with a 27% higher composite stroke risk.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Smoking status and survival across solid cancers in a Finnish two-hospital cohort
Five-year overall survival was 71% in never smokers, 58% in former smokers and 49% in current smokers.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Lecanemab in real-world practice: pooled ARIA, discontinuation and cognitive outcomes
Any ARIA occurred in 15.1% of lecanemab-treated patients in real-world cohorts, rising to 34.1% in APOE e4 homozygotes.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Type 2 diabetes remission and relapse after metabolic-bariatric procedures in ARMMS-T2D
In ARMMS-T2D, 58% assigned to metabolic-bariatric procedures reached diabetes remission over a median 11 years, against 3% on medical-lifestyle care.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity refines
Plant-based diet indices and frailty in 8,628 older adults across three ageing cohorts
Higher overall plant-based scores were associated with lower frailty risk (ORs 0.71-0.80), unhealthful scores with higher risk (1.24-1.41).
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access new
Behavioural health ED patients leaving unseen return, are admitted and die more often
Among 1,305,812 US emergency department behavioural health episodes, a 7-day return visit followed 24.5% of those leaving without being seen, against 13.2% after completed care.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
Hypertension prevalence in Japan projected to 2040 using a Bayesian Lee-Carter model
Crude hypertension prevalence in Japan is projected to stay near 47% in men to 2040; untreated or uncontrolled cases fall.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping refines
E-cigarette flavour use and later vaping abstinence in US youth and adults, PATH 2016-2023
Exclusive tobacco or flavourless vaping preceded higher odds of 30-day e-cigarette abstinence, while use of multiple flavours preceded lower odds.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity new
Frailty at 50 linked to shorter healthy working life expectancy across 33 countries
In 180,314 adults from five harmonised ageing cohorts, healthy working life expectancy at age 50 was 11.87 years for robust participants, 7.34 years for pre-frail and 3.77 years for frail.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 confirms
GLP-1 receptor agonists do not improve cognition or function in Alzheimer's disease or MCI
GLP-1 receptor agonists improved neither cognition nor disease progression in pooled trials, with more adverse events and discontinuation.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Depression recorded after cancer diagnosis and suicide risk in 755,079 South Korean adults
Cancer patients with no prior depression who were later diagnosed with it had a suicide hazard 4.76 times that of those without.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Bacteraemia resistance and strain trends in Calgary alongside antibiotic prescribing
Population-based Calgary cohort covering five bacteraemia pathogens, 2006 to 2022: fluoroquinolone resistance fell in Gram-positive species, while Escherichia coli ST1193 and CTX-M-27-producing ST131 rose.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
US obesity treatment access modelled as 5.3 million preventable deaths over a decade
Modelling projects 5.3 million preventable deaths and $10.5-13.3 trillion foregone benefits over a decade of restricted obesity treatment access.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
GLP-1 agonists and atrial fibrillation in non-diabetic obesity with kidney disease
GLP-1 users with obesity and CKD had 1.63% one-year incident atrial fibrillation, against 2.62% in unexposed patients.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Influenza antibody titres waned by strain, not uniformly, in Michigan and Hong Kong
H1N1 titres fell in Michigan and two H3N2 strains fell in Hong Kong; other strains changed little.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed
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Health todayDementia refines
Cognition in healthy adults: modifiable risk factors linked to performance, not decline
Five modifiable dementia risk factors were linked to cognitive level, not decline, in 1,396 healthy adults aged 36 to 108.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Breast cancer survival by stage across Europe after harmonising registry TNM data
Ten-year relative survival of European women with breast cancer was 97% at stage I and 10% at stage IV.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists' share of US prescriptions rose 7% from June to September 2026
Anti-obesity GLP-1 prescribing rose 12.2% in mid-2026, with the largest monthly rise in July, when a Medicare cost-cutting programme began.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Interval colorectal cancer after negative FIT rises with faecal haemoglobin level
Faecal haemoglobin just below the 20 µg/g positive cut-off was associated with 15 times the interval cancer hazard of 0-5 µg/g.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
Semaglutide for weight management and use of other prescribed medicines in Denmark
In 189,392 Danish semaglutide initiators, antiasthmatic use fell below trend (RR 0.82) while anxiolytic use rose (RR 1.16).
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists versus other diabetes drugs across 181 outcomes in type 2 diabetes
Against other diabetes drugs, GLP-1 receptor agonists were linked to lower cardiovascular and renal risk but higher musculoskeletal risk.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Borderline personality disorder linked to near six-fold all-cause mortality in New Zealand
In 10,059 New Zealanders with borderline personality disorder, all-cause mortality was 5.8 times the general population rate.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Colorectal cancer incidence in the US rose in 2023 after two decades of decline
US colorectal cancer incidence fell from 55.2 per 100,000 in 2000 to 36.7 in 2022, rising to 38.3 in 2023.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists cut major cardiovascular events similarly below and above age 65
In eight trials, GLP-1 receptor agonists cut major cardiovascular events similarly above and below 65 (ratio of hazard ratios 1.03).
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Mental health disorders and breast and bowel cancer screening and stage in Taiwan
In Taiwan, people with mental health disorders screened slightly more for breast and bowel cancer; severe cases screened less.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Lung adenocarcinoma across the COVID-19 era: small stage shifts, longer treatment delays
Lung adenocarcinoma stage barely shifted across the COVID-19 era, but treatment delays over 90 days rose from 10.2% to 14.5%.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke new
Anticoagulation discontinuation in long-term care residents with atrial fibrillation
In 15,426 US long-term care residents with atrial fibrillation, stopping anticoagulation was not linked to more strokes or bleeds.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Psychiatric in-patients follow two trajectories with similarly high mortality
In one NHS psychiatry service, severe enduring illness used most beds, crisis stays were brief, but adjusted mortality was similar.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Obesity in Korean adults aged 20 to 39 and risk of early-onset cancer into midlife
Ten-year cancer incidence among young Korean adults was 1.84% at normal weight and 2.62% in class II obesity.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer new
Cancer risk in first-generation migrants varies by birth country and cancer site in Europe
In European migrants, cervical, stomach and liver cancer risk rose with birth-country incidence; breast and colorectal risk was lower.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer new
Off-label oncology drug use spans over a third of reimbursable Dutch drug–cancer pairings
In 2023 a quarter of Dutch high-cost cancer drug prescriptions were off-label, but they made up 2.3% of spending.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health new
Educational gap for young people using child mental health services in Wales widened
Young people using child mental health services in Wales fell further behind peers in basic GCSE passes over time.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke new
Home blood pressure monitoring in US veterans and later deaths and cardiovascular events
In 30,203 veterans using home blood pressure monitoring and 30,096 matched controls, monitoring was linked to 8% lower all-cause mortality.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Eating difficulty marks functional vulnerability rather than triggering cognitive decline
In four ageing cohorts, new eating difficulty was associated with higher dementia-indicator risk, but tooth loss showed little adjusted association.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 RA use and neuropsychiatric outcomes in Medicare enrolees with type 2 diabetes
GLP-1 RA users had more depression (HR 1.11) but fewer substance use disorders, dementia and suicidal or self-harm events.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayMental health refines
Suicide mortality in the Americas rose from 2015 to 2021 despite a one-third cut target
The regional age-standardised suicide mortality rate rose by 1·05% a year on average between 2015 and 2021, and only 10 of 33 countries fell fast enough to meet a one-third cut by 2030.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Education and dementia: a schooling reform cut incidence and weakened genetic risk
A compulsory schooling reform showed that extra education lowered dementia incidence and weakened the link between genetic risk and dementia.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Cardiovascular disease burden in Europe is similar by sex but differs in composition
In 2023 women had 55% of cardiovascular cases and 50% of deaths, but less ischaemic heart disease.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Coronary artery calcium in adults aged 30 to 45 and mortality over a median 22.6 years
Among 12,847 adults aged 30 to 45, coronary calcium above 90% had a hazard ratio of 3.71 for coronary death.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
GLP-1 receptor agonists lower weight and HbA1c in adults taking antipsychotics
In eight trials of antipsychotic-treated adults, GLP-1 receptor agonists lowered weight by 6.54 kg but raised nausea, vomiting and constipation.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer confirms
Head and neck cancer in New Zealand: rising oropharyngeal rates and unequal early deaths
New Zealand oropharyngeal cancer rates rose in 2009-2020, with higher two-year deaths for Māori, Pacific Peoples and the most deprived.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayHeart and stroke refines
Childhood segregation and cardiovascular disease onset in Black and White Americans
Childhood residential segregation appeared to delay cardiovascular disease or hypertension in White people and hasten it in Black people.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia new
Amyloid and tau stage in 2711 Sao Paulo autopsies, by age and cognitive status
In 2711 Sao Paulo autopsies, 19.6% had both amyloid and tau at biomarker-detectable levels, rising steeply with age.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Anti-obesity drugs in routine care: short exposure, smaller weight loss than in trials
In routine care, nearly half of tirzepatide users did not reach 10% weight loss after at least 72 weeks.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
HPV-attributable fraction in oropharyngeal cancer rose in seven countries over a decade
Central testing of 6,043 head and neck cancer specimens found HPV attributability in oropharyngeal cancer rose in all seven countries.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Smoking status and survival across solid cancers in a Finnish two-hospital cohort
Five-year overall survival was 71% in never smokers, 58% in former smokers and 49% in current smokers.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayDementia refines
Lecanemab in real-world practice: pooled ARIA, discontinuation and cognitive outcomes
Any ARIA occurred in 15.1% of lecanemab-treated patients in real-world cohorts, rising to 34.1% in APOE e4 homozygotes.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 refines
Type 2 diabetes remission and relapse after metabolic-bariatric procedures in ARMMS-T2D
In ARMMS-T2D, 58% assigned to metabolic-bariatric procedures reached diabetes remission over a median 11 years, against 3% on medical-lifestyle care.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity refines
Plant-based diet indices and frailty in 8,628 older adults across three ageing cohorts
Higher overall plant-based scores were associated with lower frailty risk (ORs 0.71-0.80), unhealthful scores with higher risk (1.24-1.41).
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayFrailty and multimorbidity new
Frailty at 50 linked to shorter healthy working life expectancy across 33 countries
In 180,314 adults from five harmonised ageing cohorts, healthy working life expectancy at age 50 was 11.87 years for robust participants, 7.34 years for pre-frail and 3.77 years for frail.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 confirms
GLP-1 receptor agonists do not improve cognition or function in Alzheimer's disease or MCI
GLP-1 receptor agonists improved neither cognition nor disease progression in pooled trials, with more adverse events and discontinuation.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Depression recorded after cancer diagnosis and suicide risk in 755,079 South Korean adults
Cancer patients with no prior depression who were later diagnosed with it had a suicide hazard 4.76 times that of those without.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
GLP-1 agonists and atrial fibrillation in non-diabetic obesity with kidney disease
GLP-1 users with obesity and CKD had 1.63% one-year incident atrial fibrillation, against 2.62% in unexposed patients.
Peer-reviewed -
Health todayObesity, diabetes and GLP-1 new
Type 2 diabetes remission is uncommon, brief and usually ended by a treatment restart
Recorded remission reached 3.82% at five years in treated adults, and ended more often by treatment restart than rising HbA1c.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Health todayCancer refines
Smaller colorectal tumours linked to nodal metastasis risk and worse survival in subgroups
In 10,513 colorectal cancer patients, smaller tumour diameter raised predicted lymph node metastasis risk and, below 3 cm, mortality.
Peer-reviewed
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Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
Semaglutide for obesity: two-thirds of new Wegovy users stopped within a year
Of 34,309 Clalit members without diabetes starting Wegovy in 2025, 67.6% had stopped by one year.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
Heavy and high-intensity drinking among US adults fell in prevalence from 1984 to 2024
Fewer US adults drink heavily than in 1984, but heavy-drinking days rose among women and older adults after 2010.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Antimicrobial resistance deaths linked to human antibiotic use across 114 countries
In a modelled scenario, 10% less antibiotic use meant 38,000 fewer yearly antimicrobial resistance deaths, 0.50% of bacterial disease mortality.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Antimicrobial resistance in Chinese bloodstream infections over a decade, 2014 to 2023
Across 76,211 Chinese bloodstream isolates, ESBL-producing E. coli fell to 47.4% and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae rose to 14.9%.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics new
Ontario measles outbreak of 2377 cases contributed to Canada losing elimination status
Ontario's 2377-case measles outbreak mainly affected unvaccinated young people; its strain was detected in the USA, Mexico and the Netherlands.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
SGLT-2 inhibitors show higher adherence and persistence than GLP-1 RAs in type 2 diabetes
SGLT-2 inhibitors had higher adherence and persistence than GLP-1 receptor agonists in 14,998 matched patients, most clearly with cardiovascular disease.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSocial connection refines
Living alone and mortality in older Koreans: link lost after socioeconomic weighting
Among 3,771 older Koreans, living alone was linked to higher mortality, but not after weighting for income, education and area.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use new
Stimulant toxicity emergency visits followed by 2.1% one-year mortality, mostly overdose
Of 2,356 patients discharged after emergency visits for stimulant toxicity, 2.1% died within a year, two-thirds from overdose.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics confirms
H5N1 avian influenza in US dairy herds clusters where non-waterfowl birds are abundant
Early US dairy H5N1 outbreaks sat in counties with more non-waterfowl birds than high-cattle-density counties without outbreaks.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping new
Nicotine pouch use in US youth: flavours and convenience linked to more frequent use
US youth who tried nicotine pouches mostly cited experimentation, but flavours, convenience and feeling addicted were tied to frequent use.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence confirms
Semaglutide and tirzepatide prescriptions in adults with obesity often end within a year
Of 9,189 adults with obesity but no diabetes starting semaglutide or tirzepatide, 18.6% had coverage for 336 days or more.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use refines
Accidental overdose admissions in New South Wales and later premature death by cause
Among 14,036 people hospitalised for accidental overdose in New South Wales, deaths ran at 3.5 times the expected rate.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceDiet, exercise and sleep new
GLP-1/GIP use in US adults rose to 12% by 2025, a third via non-traditional access
GLP-1/GIP use rose from 8.2% to 12.0% of US adults in 18 months, led by weight-loss use.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Injection-schedule adherence to long-acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine in Spain
Among 3280 virologically suppressed adults in Spain, 70.4% received every evaluable injection within ±7 days; 0.7% had suboptimal adherence.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Antibiotic use in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 across 64 countries, 2020 to 2023
Of 451,291 patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in 64 countries, 341,125 received antibiotics, mostly empirical WHO 'Watch' drugs.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping new
Nicotine pouch use in British quit attempts rose 2021-2026, notably among 18-24s and men
Among British adults trying to stop smoking, pouch use nearly tripled to 6.7%, with an uncertain adjusted link to quitting.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping refines
Switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes and human biomarkers of toxicant exposure
Complete switching from cigarettes to e-cigarettes was linked to lower levels of all ten pooled toxicant exposure biomarkers.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAlcohol and drug use new
Medetomidine appeared in about a quarter of Southern California fentanyl samples by 2026
Medetomidine was first detected in Southern California fentanyl in May 2025 and was present in about 25% by August 2026.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceAdherence and persistence refines
Semaglutide: 14.5% of US initiators start at high dose, with earlier discontinuation
Among US adults starting injectable semaglutide, high-dose initiation was associated with a 25% higher early discontinuation risk and lower 1-year persistence.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceSmoking and vaping refines
E-cigarette flavour use and later vaping abstinence in US youth and adults, PATH 2016-2023
Exclusive tobacco or flavourless vaping preceded higher odds of 30-day e-cigarette abstinence, while use of multiple flavours preceded lower odds.
Peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Bacteraemia resistance and strain trends in Calgary alongside antibiotic prescribing
Population-based Calgary cohort covering five bacteraemia pathogens, 2006 to 2022: fluoroquinolone resistance fell in Gram-positive species, while Escherichia coli ST1193 and CTX-M-27-producing ST131 rose.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceInfection and pandemics refines
Influenza antibody titres waned by strain, not uniformly, in Michigan and Hong Kong
H1N1 titres fell in Michigan and two H3N2 strains fell in Hong Kong; other strains changed little.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Behavioural scienceDiet, exercise and sleep confirms
Moderate-to-vigorous activity and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with MASLD
Among 2785 adults with MASLD, 10 more minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity gave a hazard ratio of 0.72 for cardiovascular death.
Peer-reviewed
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Data, models and systemsRevisions and new sources new
Electronic death certificates cut garbage codes in Norway's Cause of Death Registry
In Norwegian deaths, 2018-2023, electronic certificates were 21% less likely than paper ones to record a garbage code.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health confirms
Lecanemab and donanemab for early Alzheimer's disease are not cost-effective in China
A lifetime Markov model found that neither lecanemab nor donanemab was cost-effective at current Chinese prices, from either perspective.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine refines
AI-derived ECG features add little beyond automated ECG reports for 30-day mortality
Deep-learning ECG features beat simple morphology measurements for 30-day mortality, but added little over the ECG machine's own automated report.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Capivasertib with abiraterone: modelled $3,120,720 per QALY in PTEN-deficient mHSPC
In a US payer model, capivasertib plus abiraterone for PTEN-deficient mHSPC cost $3,120,720 per QALY gained.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health refines
Hemgenix for haemophilia B costs more than factor IX prophylaxis over the first ten years
In a Swedish budget-impact model, Hemgenix cost more than factor IX prophylaxis over 10 years under every payment model.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
SPARC transformer model uses routine measurements to predict cancer adverse events
A transformer model trained on 224,047 patients' routine measurements predicted cancer adverse events in prospective and external cohorts.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Influenza hospitalisation gaps by ethnic group in England partly run through deprivation
In England's 2023–24 vaccine-eligible cohort, deprivation mediated 26% of excess influenza hospitalisation odds in Pakistani and 41% in Bangladeshi groups.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Smoking-persistence polygenic score linked to an 8-year gap in median quitting age
Top-decile smokers on a smoking-persistence polygenic score quit at an adjusted median age 8 years older than bottom-decile smokers.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Dementia and emergency hospital use before and after diagnosis in North West London
Before dementia diagnosis, emergency admission rates were 5.35 times those of residents without dementia, rising to 6.67 times after diagnosis.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health confirms
Lecanemab for early Alzheimer's disease in China exceeds the cost-effectiveness threshold
Lecanemab added 1.24 QALYs in early Alzheimer's disease in China, but cost 372,609 yuan per QALY, above the threshold.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Respiratory infection hospitalisation risk in New Zealand predicted by gradient boosting
Gradient boosting models using demographics, morbidity indices and influenza vaccination status separated people with and without a respiratory infection hospitalisation, across about 5 million New Zealanders each year.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
Alzheimer's disease model links slower cognitive decline to later institutionalisation
In a memory clinic microsimulation, 30% slower MMSE decline delayed institutional care by 1.1 years, with similar time spent there.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record refines
Ensemble models of expected US mortality were more accurate than single models
Using weekly US deaths for 2008–2024, ensemble models gave more accurate expected mortality, with better coverage, than single models.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Hepatitis C treatment in one US state's Medicaid rose as access restrictions ended
Hepatitis C treatment initiation in one US state's Medicaid rose as restrictions ended, but peaked at 23% for 2020 diagnoses.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access confirms
Neighbourhood deprivation and excess mortality after clinical risk adjustment in Medicare
Among 4,477,014 Medicare beneficiaries, excess mortality was 0.5 percentage points higher in the most deprived decile than the middle.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
People who inject drugs in the US: projected deaths, infections and costs, 2025-2034
A US microsimulation projects 487 249 deaths from injection drug use and $565 billion in healthcare costs over 2025–2034.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health confirms
One-time CKD screening at age 55 in Finland: a lifetime cost-effectiveness model
Modelled one-time CKD screening of Finns aged 55, plus SGLT2i and RAASi treatment, cost €6,478 per quality-adjusted life year.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health contradicts
Polygenic risk-guided prostate cancer screening was not cost-effective in a UK model
In a UK-calibrated microsimulation, prostate cancer screening guided by polygenic risk scores cost more and was less effective than alternatives.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
Video-and-audio AI system detected stroke deficits more sensitively than EMS raters
Against a consensus of seven neurologists, an AI system reading video and audio of 295 suspected stroke patients detected neurological deficits with 78.5% sensitivity, versus 59.4% for emergency medical services (EMS) personnel, with similar specificity.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access refines
Alcohol screening in US health care rarely leads to brief intervention for heavy drinkers
Most US adults in health care were asked about drinking, but only 4% of heavy drinkers reported a brief intervention.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsRevisions and new sources confirms
COVID-19 case reporting in Miami-Dade shifted to affluent block groups as testing grew
Early COVID-19 hot spots sat in lower-income block groups, then shifted to affluent ones as Black neighbourhoods became cold spots.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
HPV catch-up vaccination to age 30 modelled in 132 low- and middle-income countries
A one-time catch-up campaign for females aged 9-30 was projected to prevent 6.93 million cervical cancer cases and 3.56 million deaths.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
Scottish cohort of 3.7 million adults links disability and household setting to COVID-19
A linked cohort of 3,719,651 Scottish adults describes COVID-19 outcomes by disability group and household living arrangements.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Perioperative enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab in cisplatin-ineligible bladder cancer
In a Markov model, perioperative enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab cost $72,460 per QALY gained versus radical cystectomy alone.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
FAHR-Face, a face photograph foundation model, estimates biological age and survival
A face photograph model fine-tuned on 34,363 patients with cancer separated mortality risk between quartiles.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Housing for homeless Californians with opioid use disorder modelled at $31,083 per QALY
A lifetime microsimulation of 18,928 Californians experiencing homelessness with opioid use disorder gave $31,083 per quality-adjusted life-year from expanding housing access.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals contradicts
Polygenic modification of statin benefit may arise from trial eligibility criteria
Simulations with no true interaction reproduced the reported pattern of greater lipid-lowering benefit at higher coronary artery disease polygenic risk.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals new
NHSO-T2DM resource links six Thai routine-care files for 1,421,470 people with diabetes
Six Thai routine-care files were linked by encrypted identifier into registry, visit and drug exposure tables.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
US childhood hepatitis B vaccine policy changes modelled to increase chronic infections
A Markov model of a 3.6 million US birth cohort projects 83% more childhood chronic hepatitis B infections under shared decision making.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsAI in medicine new
Long-term ozone and stroke risk in 20 757 Polish patients with atrial fibrillation
In Polish patients with atrial fibrillation, each interquartile rise in ozone was associated with a 27% higher composite stroke risk.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsHealth systems and access new
Behavioural health ED patients leaving unseen return, are admitted and die more often
Among 1,305,812 US emergency department behavioural health episodes, a 7-day return visit followed 24.5% of those leaving without being seen, against 13.2% after completed care.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
Hypertension prevalence in Japan projected to 2040 using a Bayesian Lee-Carter model
Crude hypertension prevalence in Japan is projected to stay near 47% in men to 2040; untreated or uncontrolled cases fall.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record new
US obesity treatment access modelled as 5.3 million preventable deaths over a decade
Modelling projects 5.3 million preventable deaths and $10.5-13.3 trillion foregone benefits over a decade of restricted obesity treatment access.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsValue in health new
Enzalutamide in prostate cancer costs AUD$835,580 per QALY in ENZAMET trial analysis
Adding enzalutamide in the ENZAMET trial cost AUD$835,580 per QALY gained, far above the AUD$50,000 threshold.
Peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsWhat linked data reveals refines
Social needs Z59 codes and subsequent acute care across 21 US health systems
Emergency visits were 67% higher after a first Z59 hardship code, but an administrative code reproduced much of this.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Data, models and systemsForecasts and their record refines
Parkinson's disease mortality in the US was flat from 1999 to 2025
Age-adjusted Parkinson's mortality was flat across 1999-2025; the post-2021 fall largely reflects the unwinding of COVID-19 co-listing.
Peer-reviewed
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Tomorrow's worldInnovation in treatment new
Individualised mRNA melanoma vaccine with pembrolizumab cuts recurrence or death by 42%
Adding intismeran autogene to pembrolizumab after melanoma was removed reduced recurrence or death risk by 42% in phase III INTerpath-0001.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Weather and child hospitalisation in Sweden: heat, intraday temperature swings and rain
Among 4,638,247 Swedish children, heat, very low or very high intraday temperature swings and more rain were linked to admissions.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldSlowing ageing itself refines
GrimAge epigenetic clock predicts survival in Dutch centenarians beyond cognition
Among 247 Dutch centenarians, higher GrimAge acceleration predicted higher mortality independently of cognition; adding MMSE improved survival stratification.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldSlowing ageing itself refines
Epigenetic clock changes correspond inconsistently to clinical changes in ageing studies
In human geroscience intervention studies, epigenetic-clock changes matched clinical-outcome changes inconsistently, and no study validated a clock as a surrogate.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Typhoon exposure and excess deaths in Japan, 2010–2019, by age and local vulnerability
Typhoon winds were linked to 2,426 excess deaths among Japanese adults aged 70 and over, against 301 recorded direct deaths.
Preprint · not peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Heat-attributable mortality in Spain rose 15% per 1 °C of mean heatwave daily Tmax
Event-level heat metrics explained much of the variability in heatwave mortality, while heat-attributable deaths fell 3.9-5.8% a year after adjusting for temperature.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Temperature-attributable cardiovascular deaths in Europe may double by late century
Under high emissions, temperature-attributable cardiovascular deaths in Europe rise from 31.4 to 62.4 per 100,000, with heat-attributable rates up 472%.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate refines
Temperature-related mortality across 3,116 Dutch districts is dominated by cold, not heat
Cold was associated with 11,988 excess deaths a year in the Netherlands, heat with 346.
Peer-reviewed -
Tomorrow's worldA changing climate new
Drought-attributable excess mortality in Somalia, 2015-2024: a small-area modelling study
Modelling estimated 71,100 excess deaths in Somalia during the 2022-2024 drought, 91% of them children under 5.
Peer-reviewed
