COIOS
Behavioural science Item new peer-reviewed

An enriched Head Start programme improved 7 of 11 well-being measures at ages 21 to 22

A randomised trial that added intensive social-emotional and language support to Head Start classrooms for 356 low-income four-year-olds found benefits on 7 of 11 well-being measures at ages 21 to 22, including loneliness, depressive symptoms and conduct problems.

A total of 356 children in low-income US families were randomised at a mean age of 4.5 to Head Start classrooms enriched with intensive social-emotional learning and language support, or to usual practice, and reassessed at ages 21 to 22. The intervention group scored better on 7 of 11 young-adult well-being measures, including loneliness, depressive symptoms, empathy, emotional support and life satisfaction, and the intervention weakened the association between adverse childhood experiences and social adjustment.

Why it is interesting: A randomised test of whether loneliness in early adulthood can be shifted by an intervention delivered some 17 years earlier, in a single trial of 356 children.

Source
American Psychologist, 17 September 2026
DOI
10.1037/amp0001765
Type
Peer-reviewed article
Design
Randomised controlled trial of enriched Head Start preschool, n=356 children enrolled at mean age 4.5, followed to ages 21-22
Verdict
New finding
Driver
Social connection