The study analysed 76,211 bloodstream isolates from 72 hospitals in mainland China, 2014–2023, retested centrally against 2025 CLSI breakpoints. K. pneumoniae's share of bloodstream isolates rose by 0.91 percentage points a year. ESBL-producing E. coli fell from 61.5% to 47.4%, and MRSA from 39.0% to 26.2%. Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae rose from 7.0% to 14.9%, while carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii stayed at 55.2–64.3%. In 2014–2022, carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae was 38.7% in intensive care versus 14.0% on non-ICU wards. Ward, age and sex were missing for over 40% of isolates, and one hospital skewed 2017–2018 estimates.
Why it is interesting: Isolates from 72 hospitals were retested in one reference laboratory against a single breakpoint set. Some resistance phenotypes fell over the decade, while carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae rose and was higher in intensive care.
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