COIOS
Behavioural science Item new peer-reviewed

Pharmacies gave 42% of first COVID vaccine doses to North Carolina children

Analysis of North Carolina's COVID-19 Vaccine Management System records for 1.75 million children aged 3-17 found pharmacies administered 42% of first doses, with an equal share in rural, suburban and urban areas but lower use among Black and Hispanic children.

State registry data covering 1,747,790 North Carolina children and adolescents aged 3-17 were used to identify where COVID-19 vaccinations were given between January 2021 and June 2023. Pharmacies accounted for 42% of first doses, and the share rose with dose number, reaching 11.8 percentage points above the first-dose share for fourth or later doses. First-dose coverage was 59.1% at ages 12-17, 37.4% at 5-11 and 3.5% at 3-4, and pharmacy use was lower among Black and Hispanic children.

Why it is interesting: Quantifies how much of paediatric vaccination moved outside medical practices, and where that channel reached people unevenly.

Source
Vaccine, 2026-09-13
DOI
10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129125
Type
Peer-reviewed article
Design
Retrospective analysis of a state immunisation registry, 1,747,790 children aged 3-17, 2021-2023
Verdict
New finding
Driver
What changes behaviour at scale