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Item refines peer-reviewed
China's clean-heating pilots cut heating-season PM2.5 most in the pollution tails
An augmented synthetic control evaluation of 88 clean-heating pilot cities in northern China found heating-season PM2.5 fell by 3.01 \u00b5g/m\u00b3 on average but by 5.96 \u00b5g/m\u00b3 at the 99th percentile, with high-pollution days contributing almost half the modelled mortality difference.
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Item new peer-reviewed
Machine learning predicted six-month mortality after Taiwanese care-home admission
An ensemble machine learning model built only from routine intake assessments in 636 Taiwanese long-term care facilities predicted death within 180 days of first admission with an AUROC of 0.90 in a held-out 2024 cohort, where 28.7% of new residents died.
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Item new preprint
Weaker social ties before surgery track early death and non-home discharge, not survival
A meta-analysis of 445 surgical studies found weaker preoperative social connection associated with early postoperative mortality (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.12-2.01) and non-home discharge (OR 1.95, 1.35-2.81), while the estimate for overall postoperative survival crossed the null.
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Item new preprint
GLP-1 initiators lost 2.75 points more skeletal muscle on repeat whole-body MRI
Among 58 adults with diabetes in the German National Cohort who started a GLP-1 receptor agonist between two whole-body MRI examinations 4.6 years apart, skeletal muscle volume fell 2.75 percentage points more than in 130 matched unexposed controls.
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Item new peer-reviewed
A Bayesian model extends excess-death estimation to six years, applied to New Zealand
A Bayesian hierarchical model fitted to 22 years of monthly deaths by age and sex extends expected-death estimation beyond the one-to-two-year horizon of standard methods, and in New Zealand finds few excess deaths during the pandemic and a return to pre-pandemic trends by 2025.
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Item new peer-reviewed
Biggest cardiometabolic treatment gaps are not where most risk could be averted
A pooled analysis of individual participant data from 76 countries found that the populations with the largest gaps in cardiometabolic treatment coverage were not those where treating the untreated would avert the most absolute cardiovascular risk, and that inequalities widened after diagnosis.
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Item refines peer-reviewed
Wildfire smoke accounted for 1.9% of deaths across ten countries and territories
A causal analysis of 47.8 million deaths in 1366 communities across ten countries and territories attributed 906 869 deaths to landscape fire PM2·5, with instrumental-variable estimates a median 56% higher than conventional association estimates.
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Item confirms peer-reviewed
Greenspace tracks lower pollution-related respiratory mortality, mainly via mediation
A systematic review of 14 good-quality cohort studies, mostly European, found residential greenspace associated with lower air-pollution-related respiratory mortality and better lung function, with the association appearing more consistently in mediation than in moderation analyses.
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Item refines peer-reviewed
Diabetes was commoner in older US flu inpatient deaths than in COVID deaths
Among US inpatient decedents aged over 65, 46.6% of those dying of COVID-19 had diabetes compared with 63.1% of influenza decedents after age standardisation, indicating the widely cited diabetes share of COVID deaths was not distinctive to that virus.
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Item refines peer-reviewed
GLP-1 pancreatic cancer hazard shifts with the comparator diabetes drug
In a TriNetX cohort of adults with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonist initiators had a lower hazard of pancreatic cancer than insulin users (HR 0.43), higher hazards than metformin, sulfonylurea, thiazolidinedione and DPP-4 users, and no difference against SGLT2 inhibitors.
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Item confirms peer-reviewed
Lowering colorectal screening to 45 still misses much early-onset cancer, review finds
A systematic review of 45 studies found that colorectal neoplasia detection rates rise steeply with age across the under-50s, so screening from 45 captures the most yield, yet a considerable share of early-onset cases arise before 45 and fall outside eligibility.
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Item confirms peer-reviewed
Cardiogenic shock deaths fall stepwise with hospital cardiac capability in US data
Across an estimated 1.18 million US cardiogenic shock hospitalisations from 2016 to 2022, crude in-hospital mortality fell from 64.4% at hospitals without percutaneous coronary intervention to 36.5% at transplant and LVAD centres, with the gradient persisting after adjustment.
