Seven HLA class II haplotypes were fine-mapped in 443 cognitively healthy centenarians, 3,219 population controls and 2,391 Alzheimer's patients. A DRB1*04 haplotype was commoner in centenarians and controls than in patients, and its link with lower tau pathology replicated in the Netherlands Brain Bank. DRB1*01:01 was commoner in patients and rarer in centenarians, with less HLA class II carried on microglia in donated brain tissue.
Why it is interesting: Immune genetics separate Alzheimer's risk from reaching 100 with intact cognition, and point beyond plaques and tangles.
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